Prepared by Mawahib Hassan, researcher at the Türkiye Migration Research Center (TÜGAM), this analysis explores the legal and conceptual distinctions between two forms of transnational organized crime: trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants.

Key themes of the analysis include:

• The legal definitions and frameworks governing trafficking and smuggling under international law
• The main differences and points of intersection between the two crimes in terms of consent, purpose, and victimization
• The socio-political and economic factors that perpetuate both crimes, including human rights violations, conflict, and structural inequality

Read the full analysis here